Parvoviridae (taxid:10780)

VIRION

image

Non-enveloped, round, T=1 icosahedral symmetry, 18-26 nm in diameter. The capsid consists of 60 copies of CP protein.
image

GENOME

image

Linear, ssDNA genome of about 4 to 6 kb in size.
The genome is replicated through rolling-hairpin mechanism.

GENE EXPRESSION

Host proteins transcribe the genome into mRNAs. Depending on the virus there can be one (Erythrovirus and Iteravirus), two (Densovirus and Brevidensovirus) or three (Dependovirus) promoters for mRNA transcription. Alternative splicing allows expression of both structural and non-structural proteins. Leaky scanning is used as well by densoviruses.

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

NUCLEAR

  1. Attachement to host receptors initiates clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the virion into the host cell.
  2. The virion penetrates into the cytoplasm via permeabilization of host endosomal membrane.
  3. Microtubular transport of the virion toward the nucleus.
  4. The viral ssDNA genome penetrates into the nucleus.
  5. The ssDNA is converted into dsDNA by cellular proteins.
  6. dsDNA transcription gives rise to viral mRNAs when host cell enters S phase and translated to produce viral proteins.
  7. Replication occurs through rolling-hairpin mechanism, with NS1 endonuclease binding covalently to the 5' genomic end.
  8. Individual ssDNA genomes are excised from replication concatemers by a process called junction resolution.
  9. These newly synthesized ssDNA can either
    a) be converted to dsDNA and serve as a template for transcription/replication
    b) be encapsidated to form new virions that are released by cell lysis.

Host-virus interaction

Apoptosis modulation

Parvoviruses infection induces host cell death, which is often directly associated with disease outcomes. Apoptosis is the major form of cell death induced by parvovirus infection, mostly associated with caspases activation. However, necrosis, has also been reported during infection of the minute virus of mice, parvovirus H-1 and bovine parvovirus.

Cell-cycle modulation

Many parvoviruses induce G2/M checkpoint arrest.

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

74 entries grouped by protein

1 entry

Host-modulation protein 11K (Host-modulation protein of 11 kDa)

11K_PAVHV
Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) (HPV B19) reference strain

1 entry

Uncharacterized protein 7.5K (Uncharacterized protein of 7.5 kDa)

75K_PAVHV
Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) (HPV B19) reference strain

1 entry

Assembly activating protein AAP

AAP_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

29 entries

Capsid protein VP1 (Coat protein VP1)

Select_allDeselect_all
CAPSD_AADNV
Aedes albopictus densovirus (isolate Boublik/1994) (AalDNV) reference strain

Capsid protein VP1/VP2 (Coat protein VP1/VP2)

CAPSD_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

Capsid protein VP1

CAPSD_ADVG
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (strain G) (ADV) reference strain

Capsid protein VP1

CAPSD_HBOC1
Primate bocaparvovirus 1 (strain Human bocavirus 1 type 1) (HBoV1) (Human bocavirus type 1) reference strain

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4)

CAPSD_JDNVP
Junonia coenia densovirus (isolate pBRJ/1990) (JcDNV) reference strain

Capsid protein VP1 (Coat protein VP1) (Structural protein VP1)

CAPSD_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain
CAPSD_PAVBP
Bovine parvovirus 1 (BPV-1) reference strain

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4)

CAPSD_PAVHV
Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) (HPV B19) reference strain

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4) (Coat protein VP1)

CAPSD_AEDEV
Aedes densonucleosis virus (strain GKV 002 002) (Aedes densovirus)

Capsid protein VP1/VP2 (Coat protein VP1/VP2)

CAPSD_DSDNV
Diatraea saccharalis densovirus (DsDNV)

Capsid protein VP1 (Coat protein VP1) (Structural protein VP1)

CAPSD_FPV
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV)
CAPSD_FPV19
Feline panleukopenia virus (strain 193) (FPV)
CAPSD_GMDNV
Galleria mellonella densovirus (GmDNV)

Capsid protein VP1 (Coat protein VP1) (Structural protein VP1)

CAPSD_HBOC2
Human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2) (Human bocavirus type 2)

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4)

CAPSD_HBOC3
Human bocavirus 3 (HBoV3) (Adelavirus W471)

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4)

CAPSD_HBOC4
Human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4) (Human bocavirus type 4)

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4)

CAPSD_MEVA
Mink enteritis virus (strain Abashiri) (MEV)
CAPSD_MUMIM
Murine minute virus (strain MVMi) (MVM) (Murine parvovirus)
CAPSD_PAVC
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)

Capsid protein VP2 (Coat protein VP2)

CAPSD_PAVC7
Canine parvovirus type 2 (strain Dog/United States/780929/-) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCB
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-b/1978) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCD
Canine parvovirustype 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-d/1988) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCN
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-N/1978) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVHH
Hamster parvovirus H1
CAPSD_PAVHU
Human parvovirus B19 (isolate AU) (HPV B19)

Minor capsid protein VP1 (EC 3.1.1.4) (Coat protein VP1)

CAPSD_PAVL3
Parvovirus LuIII
CAPSD_PAVP9
Porcine parvovirus (strain 90HS) (PPV)
CAPSD_PAVPK
Porcine parvovirus (strain Kresse) (PPV)
CAPSD_PAVPN
Porcine parvovirus (strain NADL-2) (PPV)

5 entries

Non-structural protein NP-1 (NP1)

Select_allDeselect_all
NP1_HBOC1
Primate bocaparvovirus 1 (strain Human bocavirus 1 type 1) (HBoV1) (Human bocavirus type 1) reference strain
NP1_PAVBP
Bovine parvovirus 1 (BPV-1) reference strain
NP1_HBOC2
Human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2) (Human bocavirus type 2)
NP1_HBOC3
Human bocavirus 3 (HBoV3) (Adelavirus W471)
NP1_HBOC4
Human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4) (Human bocavirus type 4)

22 entries

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS1_AADNV
Aedes albopictus densovirus (isolate Boublik/1994) (AalDNV) reference strain
NS1_ADVG
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (strain G) (ADV) reference strain
NS1_HBOC1
Primate bocaparvovirus 1 (strain Human bocavirus 1 type 1) (HBoV1) (Human bocavirus type 1) reference strain
NS1_JDNVP
Junonia coenia densovirus (isolate pBRJ/1990) (JcDNV) reference strain
NS1_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVBP
Bovine parvovirus 1 (BPV-1) reference strain
NS1_PAVHV
Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) (HPV B19) reference strain

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_AEDEV
Aedes densonucleosis virus (strain GKV 002 002) (Aedes densovirus)
NS1_BMDNV
Bombyx mori densovirus (BmDNV) (Bombyx densonucleosis virus)
NS1_DSDNV
Diatraea saccharalis densovirus (DsDNV)
NS1_FPV19
Feline panleukopenia virus (strain 193) (FPV)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_HBOC2
Human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2) (Human bocavirus type 2)
NS1_HBOC3
Human bocavirus 3 (HBoV3) (Adelavirus W471)
NS1_HBOC4
Human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4) (Human bocavirus type 4)
NS1_MEVA
Mink enteritis virus (strain Abashiri) (MEV)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_MUMIM
Murine minute virus (strain MVMi) (MVM) (Murine parvovirus)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVCN
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-N/1978) (CPV-2)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVHH
Hamster parvovirus H1

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVHU
Human parvovirus B19 (isolate AU) (HPV B19)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVL3
Parvovirus LuIII

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVPK
Porcine parvovirus (strain Kresse) (PPV)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_PAVPN
Porcine parvovirus (strain NADL-2) (PPV)

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

3 entries

Non-structural protein NS2

Select_allDeselect_all
NS2_AADNV
Aedes albopictus densovirus (isolate Boublik/1994) (AalDNV) reference strain

Non-structural protein NS2 (Non-capsid protein NS-2) (NCVP2)

NS2_ADVG
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (strain G) (ADV) reference strain
NS2_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain

1 entry

Non-structural protein NS3

NS3_ADVG
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (strain G) (ADV) reference strain

1 entry

Protein Rep40 (EC 3.6.4.12)

REP40_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

1 entry

Protein Rep52

REP52_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

1 entry

Protein Rep68 (EC 3.6.4.12)

REP68_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

1 entry

Protein Rep78

REP78_AAV2S
Adeno-associated virus 2 (isolate Srivastava/1982) (AAV-2) reference strain

1 entry

Putative non-structural protein (ORF1)

VNS1_BMDNV
Bombyx mori densovirus (BmDNV) (Bombyx densonucleosis virus)

2 entries

Non-structural protein NS2

Select_allDeselect_all
VNS2_JDNVP
Junonia coenia densovirus (isolate pBRJ/1990) (JcDNV) reference strain

Putative non-structural protein NS2 (ORF3)

VNS2_DSDNV
Diatraea saccharalis densovirus (DsDNV)

3 entries

Non-structural protein NS3

Select_allDeselect_all
VNS3_JDNVP
Junonia coenia densovirus (isolate pBRJ/1990) (JcDNV) reference strain

Putative non-structural protein NS3 (ORF4)

VNS3_BMDNV
Bombyx mori densovirus (BmDNV) (Bombyx densonucleosis virus)

Putative non-structural protein (ORF3)

VNS3_DSDNV
Diatraea saccharalis densovirus (DsDNV)

1 entry

Uncharacterized protein X

X_PAVHV
Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) (HPV B19) reference strain