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- Last updated 16/February/2023.

SARS coronavirus 2 interactome

These page describe most significant functional host-virus interactions. Many more interactions have been suggested by large-scale or preliminary experiments and can be found in external resources.

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Host Protein Virus Protein Species Life Cycle Phase Notes Refs.
ACE2 Spike SARS2 Virus entry Main entry receptor
Neuropilin Spike SARS2 Virus entry Secondary entry receptor?
Integrins Spike SARS2 Virus entry Secondary entry receptor?
LRRC15 Spike SARS2 Virus entry Unknown
TMPRSS2 Spike SARS2 Virus entry Cleavage of spike for fusion capacity
Furin Spike SARS2 Virus entry Cleavage of spike for fusion capacity
Heparan sulfate
Spike SARS2 Virus entry Host cell adhesion?
PALS1/MPP5
TJP1/ZO-1
LNX2
PARD3
AFDN/MLLT4
Envelope protein (E) SARS2 Virus Exit Binds many PDZ-proteins at cell junctions that would result in disruption of lung epithelium
NLRP3 N SARS2 Virus exit May promote inflammasome assembly
40S ribosome Nsp1 SARS2 Host translation shutoff Inhibits cellular mRNA translation and eventually leads to their degradation. Viral mRNA escape this inhibition because of specific sequence.
GIGYF2 Nsp2 SARS2 Host translation shutoff Improves inhibition cellular mRNA translation and eventually leads to their degradation.
VPS39 ORF3a protein SARS2 Virus budding Facilitates virion egress in lysosomes
HMGB1 ORF3a protein SARS2 Virus replication May induce autophagy
IL17RA ORF8 SARS2 Host immunity modulation May contribute to COVID cytokine storm
RAE1 ORF6 protein SARS2 Virus replication/exit
Disrupts nuclear import of proteins.
KPNA2 ORF6 protein SARS2 Virus replication/exit
Disrupts interferon signaling by preventing nuclear import of proteins.
MHC-I ORF8 SARS2 Host immunity modulation
TOMM70 ORF9b protein SARS2 Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus Prevents the activation of IFN upon viral infection


Rejected hypothesis
Host Protein Virus Protein Species Life Cycle Phase Notes Refs.
Basigin Spike SARS2 Virus entry Secondary entry receptor?

Interactomes

Coronaviridae interactions network image Large-scale
interactome