Viroporin-dependent budding
The ESCRT-independent budding is not well understood, and has been essentially described for Influenza
. Several viruses that use an ESCRT independent budding also encode for a viroporin that may be involved in budding.
Viroporin would act for budding by inducing local membrane depolarization. This could reduce repultion between contacting monolayers, and therefore enhance the contacts that are required for fission.
Enveloped viruses using viroporin for budding:
Non-Enveloped viruses using viroporin for budding:
Influenza virus M2 protein mediates ESCRT-independent membrane scission
Jeremy S. Rossman, Xianghong Jing, George P. Leser, Robert A. Lamb
Cell September 17, 2010; 142: 902?913
Overlapping motifs (PTAP and PPEY) within the Ebola virus VP40 protein function independently as late budding domains: involvement of host proteins TSG101 and VPS-4
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Cytoplasmic tails of bunyavirus Gn glycoproteins-Could they act as matrix protein surrogates?
Tomas Strandin, Jussi Hepojoki, Antti Vaheri
Virology March 15, 2013; 437: 73?80
Coronavirus envelope (E) protein remains at the site of assembly
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Virology April 2015; 478: 75?85
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 3a protein forms an ion channel and modulates virus release
Lu W, Zheng BJ, Xu K, Schwarz W, Du L, Wong CK, Chen J, Duan S, Deubel V, Sun B
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 15;103(33):12540-5
Membrane interactions of a novel viral enterotoxin: rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4
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Biochemistry April 3, 2001; 40: 4169?4180
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination
Tz-Chun Guo, Daniel X. Johansson, ?yvind Haugland, Peter Liljestr?m, ?ystein Evensen
PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e100184
SV40 late protein VP4 forms toroidal pores to disrupt membranes for viral release
Smita Raghava, Kristina M. Giorda, Fabian B. Romano, Alejandro P. Heuck, Daniel N. Hebert
Biochemistry June 4, 2013; 52: 3939?3948
The p7 protein of hepatitis C virus forms an ion channel that is blocked by the antiviral drug, Amantadine
Stephen D. C. Griffin, Lucy P. Beales, Dean S. Clarke, Oliver Worsfold, Stephen D. Evans, Joachim Jaeger, Mark P. G. Harris, David J. Rowlands
FEBS Lett. January 30, 2003; 535: 34?38
Dengue virus M protein C-terminal peptide (DVM-C) forms ion channels
A. Premkumar, C. R. Horan, P. W. Gage
J. Membr. Biol. March 2005; 204: 33?38
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2020 Nov 2;10(11):a038505.
The Structure, Function, and Pathobiology of the Influenza A and B Virus Ion Channels
Robert A Lamb
