Flaviviridae (taxid:11050)
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VIRION

Enveloped, spherical, about 50 nm in diameter. The surface proteins are arranged in an icosahedral-like symmetry.
Source: Zhang et al
GENOME
Monopartite, linear, ssRNA(+) genome of about 9.7-12 kb. The genome 3' terminus is not polyadenylated but forms a loop structure. The 5' end has a methylated nucleotide cap (to allow translation) or a genome-linked protein (VPg).
GENE EXPRESSION
The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both the genome and the viral messenger RNA. The whole genome is translated into a polyprotein, which is processed co- and post-translationally by host and viral proteases.
ENZYMES
- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [NS5]
- Cell-type capping
- Polyprotein major protease (Peptidase S7, S29 or S31) [NS3]
REPLICATION
CYTOPLASMIC
- Attachement of the viral envelope protein E to host receptors mediates internalization into the host cell by clathrin-mediated endocytosis or by apoptotic mimicry
- Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane. RNA genome is released into the cytoplasm.
- The positive-sense genomic ssRNA is translated into a polyprotein, which is cleaved into all structural and non structural proteins (to yield the replication proteins).
- Replication takes place at the surface of endoplasmic reticulum in cytoplasmic viral factories. A dsRNA genome is synthesized from the genomic ssRNA(+).
- The dsRNA genome is transcribed/replicated thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes.
- Virus assembly occurs at the endoplasmic reticulum and seems to be facilitated by the viral ionic channel. The virion buds at the endoplasmic reticulum and is transported to the Golgi apparatus.
- Release of new virions by exocytosis.
Host-virus interaction
Adaptive immune response inhibition
Dengue NS1 protein inhibits host complement by binding C4 and reducing C4b deposition and C3 convertase activity. Through this mechanism, NS1 protects DENV from complement-dependent neutralization in solution.
.
Apoptosis modulation
Flaviviruses NS3 induces apoptosis through host caspases activation
.
Autophagy modulation
Flaviviruses NS4A and NS4B induces autophagy signaling
.
Cell-cycle modulation
Hepatitis C virus induces down-regulation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor and G1/S host cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation
.
Innate immune response inhibition
Hepatitis C virus inhibits the interferon signaling pathway by blocking the IFN receptors , STAT1 and TYK2
, whilst
Dengue virus blocks STAT2
Hepatitis C virus inhibits the host IFN-mediated response by blocking host MAVS , TRAFs
and TBK1-IKBKE-DDX3 complex
, whilst
pestiviruses N(pro) blocks host IRF-3
.
Host gene expression shutoff by virus
Hepatitis C virus activates PKR about 12h p.i. to shutoff host translation through the PKR-mediated phosphorylation of the eIF2alpha initiation factor .
Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries
(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)108 entries grouped by strain
2 entries
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate H77) (HCV) reference strain
2 entries
Zika virus (ZIKV) reference strain
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (isolate NADL) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus) reference strain
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Nauru/West Pac/1974) (DENV-1) reference strain
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain 17D vaccine) (YFV) reference strain
3 entries
Zika virus (isolate ZIKV/Human/Cambodia/FSS13025/2010) (ZIKV)
3 entries
Zika virus (isolate ZIKV/Human/French Polynesia/10087PF/2013) (ZIKV)
2 entries
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate 1) (HCV)
2 entries
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain Jaoars982) (JEV)
2 entries
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain M28) (JEV)
2 entries
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain SA(v)) (JEV)
2 entries
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain SA-14) (JEV)
1 entry
Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (ALKV) (Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus)
1 entry
Banzi virus (BANV)
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (strain CP7) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus)
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (strain SD-1) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus)
1 entry
Bussuquara virus (BUSV)
1 entry
Classical swine fever virus (strain Alfort/Tuebingen) (CSFV) (Hog cholera virus)
1 entry
Classical swine fever virus (strain Brescia) (CSFV) (Hog cholera virus)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Brazil/97-11/1997) (DENV-1)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Singapore/S275/1990) (DENV-1)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (isolate Thailand/0168/1979) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain 16681-PDK53) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Jamaica/1409/1983) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Peru/IQT2913/1996) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Puerto Rico/PR159-S1/1969) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Thailand/16681/1984) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Thailand/NGS-C/1944) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain China/80-2/1980) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Martinique/1243/1999) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Philippines/H87/1956) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Singapore/8120/1995) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Sri Lanka/1266/2000) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Dominica/814669/1981) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Philippines/H241/1956) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Singapore/8976/1995) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Thailand/0348/1991) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Thailand/0476/1997) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Edge Hill virus (EHV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate BK) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Con1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-J1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-JT) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HCR6) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Japanese) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Taiwan) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (strain HC-J4) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate HC-G9) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate India) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate HC-J6) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate JFH-1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate HC-J8) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate JPUT971017) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2c (isolate BEBE1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2k (isolate VAT96) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate NZL1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate k3a) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3b (isolate Tr-Kj) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3k (isolate JK049) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 4a (isolate ED43) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate EUH1480) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate SA13) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate 6a33) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate EUHK2) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6b (isolate Th580) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6d (isolate VN235) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6g (isolate JK046) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6h (isolate VN004) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6k (isolate VN405) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis GB virus B (GBV-B) (GB virus B)
1 entry
Ilheus virus (ILHV)
1 entry
Kokobera virus (KOKV)
1 entry
Kunjin virus (strain MRM61C)
1 entry
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV)
1 entry
Langat virus (strain TP21)
1 entry
Louping ill virus (Li)
1 entry
Mosquito cell fusing agent (CFA flavivirus)
1 entry
Murray valley encephalitis virus (strain MVE-1-51) (MVEV)
1 entry
Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV)
1 entry
Rocio virus (ROCV)
1 entry
Tembusu virus (TMUV)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (strain Hypr) (TBEV)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus European subtype (strain Neudoerfl) (NEUV) (Neudoerfl virus)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus Far Eastern subtype (strain Sofjin) (SOFV) (Sofjin virus)
1 entry
Tick-borne powassan virus (strain LB) (POWV) (Powassan virus)
1 entry
Usutu virus (USUV)
1 entry
Wesselsbron virus (WSLV)
1 entry
West Nile virus (WNV)
1 entry
West Nile virus (strain NY-99) (WNV) (West Nile virus (strain NY-1999))
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Angola/14FA/1971) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ethiopia/Couma/1961) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ivory Coast/1999) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ivory Coast/85-82H/1982) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Uganda/A7094A4/1948) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain French neurotropic vaccine FNV) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain Ghana/Asibi/1927) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain Trinidad/TRINID79A/1979) (YFV)
Anopheles flavivirus variant 1 taxid:1903340
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