Protoparvovirus (taxid:1506574)

VIRION

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Non-enveloped, round, T=1 icosahedral symmetry, 18-26 nm in diameter. The capsid consists of 60 copies of CP protein.
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GENOME

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Linear, ssDNA genome of about 4 to 6 kb in size. Both positive and negative strands are encapsidated, although the percentage of particles encapsidating the positive strand can be lower depending on the host cell. MVM packages predominantly negative-sense single strands, while LuIII encapsidates strands of both polarities with equal efficiency. ORFs for both the structural and non-structural proteins are located on the same DNA strand.
The genome is replicated through rolling-hairpin mechanism.

GENE EXPRESSION

Host proteins transcribe the genomes into mRNAs. Alternative splicing allows expression of both structural and non-structural proteins.

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

NUCLEAR

  1. Attachement to host receptors initiates clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the virion into the host cell.
  2. The virion penetrates into the cytoplasm via permeabilization of host endosomal membrane.
  3. Microtubular transport of the virion toward the nucleus.
  4. The viral ssDNA genome penetrates into the nucleus.
  5. The ssDNA is converted into dsDNA by cellular proteins.
  6. dsDNA transcription gives rise to viral mRNAs when host cell enters S phase and translated to produce viral proteins.
  7. Replication occurs through rolling-hairpin mechanism, with NS1 endonuclease binding covalently to the 5' genomic end.
  8. Individual ssDNA genomes are excised from replication concatemers by a process called junction resolution.
  9. These newly synthesized ssDNA can either
    a) be converted to dsDNA and serve as a template for transcription/replication
    b) be encapsidated to form new virions that are released by cell lysis.

Host-virus interaction

Apoptosis modulation

Parvovirus infection induces host cell death in cancerous cells. Apoptosis is the major form of cell death. However, necrosis has also been reported during infection of the minute virus of mice and parvovirus H-1 .
H-1PV NS1 protein expression induces apoptosis via caspases activation and DNA damage signaling. Depending on cell type and growth conditions, H-1PV is able to induce apoptosis, necrosis, or cathepsin B-dependent cell death.

Cell-cycle modulation

H-1PV NS1 protein induces G2/M checkpoint arrest.

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

25 entries grouped by protein

15 entries

Capsid protein VP1 (Coat protein VP1)

Select_allDeselect_all
CAPSD_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain
CAPSD_FPV
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV)
CAPSD_FPV19
Feline panleukopenia virus (strain 193) (FPV)
CAPSD_MEVA
Mink enteritis virus (strain Abashiri) (MEV)
CAPSD_MUMIM
Murine minute virus (strain MVMi) (MVM) (Murine parvovirus)
CAPSD_PAVC
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)

Capsid protein VP2 (Coat protein VP2)

CAPSD_PAVC7
Canine parvovirus type 2 (strain Dog/United States/780929/-) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCB
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-b/1978) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCD
Canine parvovirustype 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-d/1988) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVCN
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-N/1978) (CPV-2)
CAPSD_PAVHH
Hamster parvovirus H1
CAPSD_PAVL3
Parvovirus LuIII
CAPSD_PAVP9
Porcine parvovirus (strain 90HS) (PPV)
CAPSD_PAVPK
Porcine parvovirus (strain Kresse) (PPV)
CAPSD_PAVPN
Porcine parvovirus (strain NADL-2) (PPV)

9 entries

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein 1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS1_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain

Initiator protein NS1 (NS1) (EC 3.1.21.-) (EC 3.6.4.12) (NCVP1) (Non-capsid protein NS-1) (Non-structural protein NS1)

NS1_FPV19
Feline panleukopenia virus (strain 193) (FPV)
NS1_MEVA
Mink enteritis virus (strain Abashiri) (MEV)
NS1_MUMIM
Murine minute virus (strain MVMi) (MVM) (Murine parvovirus)
NS1_PAVCN
Canine parvovirus type 2 (isolate Dog/United States/CPV-N/1978) (CPV-2)
NS1_PAVHH
Hamster parvovirus H1
NS1_PAVL3
Parvovirus LuIII
NS1_PAVPK
Porcine parvovirus (strain Kresse) (PPV)
NS1_PAVPN
Porcine parvovirus (strain NADL-2) (PPV)

1 entry

Non-structural protein NS2

NS2_MUMIP
Murine minute virus (strain MVM prototype) (MVM) (Murine minute virus (strain MVM(p))) reference strain