Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus (kw:KW-1113)
Inhibition by viruses
Many viral antagonists of the signaling cascade leading to interferon production have been identified. The influenza A virus NS1 protein has been shown to inhibit RIG-I through direct interaction, while paramyxovirus V protein binds and inhibits MDA5 to abrogate its signaling actions. Hepatitis viruses A, B and C affect the cascade by impairing MAVS protein. Downstream, cellular IRF3 and IRF7 can be activated by both RLR and TLR pathway, and are targeted by many viruses including Epstein-Barr virus, Ebolaviruses, Rotaviruses or Papillomaviruses.
Comments
MAVS is often described as activating IKBKE (IKK-i or IKK epsilon and/or TBK1 kinases that phosphorylates IRF3. Most results suggest that the IKBKE kinase is preferentially activated by RLR when TBK1 would be activated by TLRs and DNA sensors 
.
There are evidences showing direct activation of ISG (Interferon Stimulated Genes)upon IKBKE activation. IKBKE could activate STAT1-STAT2 to induce this response .
Christelle Pythoud, W W Shanaka I Rodrigo, Giulia Pasqual, Sylvia Rothenberger, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Stefan Kunz
J. Virol. August 2012; 86: 7728?7738
Kathleen C Prins, Washington B Cardenas, Christopher F Basler
J. Virol. April 2009; 83: 3069-3077
Megan L Shaw, Washington B Cardenas, Dmitriy Zamarin, Peter Palese, Christopher F Basler
J. Virol. May 2005; 79: 6078-6088
Sze-Ling Ng, Brad A Friedman, Sonja Schmid, Jason Gertz, Richard M Myers, Benjamin R Tenoever, Tom Maniatis
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. December 27, 2011; 108: 21170-21175
Benjamin R. tenOever, Sze-Ling Ng, Mark A. Chua, Sarah M. McWhirter, Adolfo Garc?a-Sastre, Tom Maniatis
Science March 2, 2007; 315: 1274-1278
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(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)714 entries grouped by protein
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