Clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytosis of virus by host

fusion lysis permeabilisation

Several pathways that do not use a clathrin or caveolin coat are sometimes hijacked by bacteria and viruses to gain access to the host cell. These pathways can be further defined by their dependency to various molecules such as cholesterol, DNM2/Dynamin-2, small GTPases or tyrosine kinase and possibly involve non-caveolar lipid rafts.
Viral molecular biology Virion
Virus entry
Transcription and replication
Virus vs host defense
Virus exit
Viral endocytosis by host Clathrin-mediated
Caveolae-mediated
Clathrin- and caveolae-independent
Macropinocytosis
Links Uniprot Keyword: KW-1167
GO ontology:
Virus Picornaviridae, Enterovirus
Human rhinovirus 14
EV11
Poliovirus
Caliciviridae, Norovirus
Murine norovirus 1
Arenaviridae, Arenavirus
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
Lassa virus
Papillomaviridae, Alphapapillomavirus
Human papillomavirus 16
Reoviridae, Rotavirus
Rotavirus A
Circoviridae, Circovirus
Porcine circovirus 2
Orthomyxoviridae, Influenzavirus A
Influenzavirus A

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

138 entries grouped by strain

All proteins are shown (view only 62 complete proteome entries)

1 entry

Human rhinovirus A serotype 89 (strain 41467-Gallo) (HRV-89) reference strain


POLG_HRV8AGenome polyprotein

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd) reference strain


HEMA_I96A0Hemagglutinin

pdb 3S11 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1) reference strain


HEMA_I34A1Hemagglutinin

pdb 1RU7  1RVX  1RVZ 

1 entry

Lassa virus (strain Mouse/Sierra Leone/Josiah/1976) (LASV) reference strain


GLYC_LASSJPre-glycoprotein polyprotein GP complex

1 entry

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (strain Armstrong) (LCMV) reference strain


GLYC_LYCVAPre-glycoprotein polyprotein GP complex

1 entry

Poliovirus type 1 (strain Mahoney) reference strain

1 entry

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (strain O1) (Aphthovirus O) (FMDV)


POLG_FMDVOGenome polyprotein

pdb 1QMY  1QOL  1QQP  2JQF  2JQG 

1 entry

Human rhinovirus 14 (HRV-14)

1 entry

Human rhinovirus 16 (HRV-16)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Aichi/2/1968 H3N2)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Beijing/353/1989 H3N2)


HEMA_I89A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Beijing/39/1975 H3N2)


HEMA_I75A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Brazil/11/1978 H1N1)


HEMA_I77AAHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Brevig Mission/1/1918 H1N1) (Influenza A virus (strain A/South Carolina/1/1918 H1N1))


HEMA_I18A0Hemagglutinin

pdb 1RD8  1RUZ  2WRG  3GBN  3LZF  3R2X 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/1977 H4N6)


HEMA_I77AGHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Alabama/1/1975 H4N8)


HEMA_I75A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Germany/n/1949 H10N7)


HEMA_I49A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/220/1997 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd)


HEMA_I97A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/1/1983 H5N2)


HEMA_I83A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Scotland/1959 H5N1)


HEMA_I59A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Victoria/1/1985 H7N7)


HEMA_I85A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Weybridge H7N7) (Influenza A virus (strain A/FPV/Weybridge H7N7))


HEMA_I000FHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chile/1/1983 H1N1)


HEMA_I83A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/China:Nanchang/11/1996 H1N1)


HEMA_I96A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Alberta/28/1976 H4N6)


HEMA_I76A1Hemagglutinin

pdb 2FHV 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Alberta/35/1976 H1N1)


HEMA_I76A4Hemagglutinin

pdb 2WRH 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Alberta/60/1976 H12N5)


HEMA_I76A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Alberta/78/1976 H3N8)


HEMA_I76A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Australia/749/1980 H1N1)


HEMA_I80A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Czechoslovakia/1956 H4N6)


HEMA_I56A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/England/1/1956 H11N6)


HEMA_I56A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Germany/1949 H10N7)


HEMA_I49A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Hokkaido/8/1980 H3N8)


HEMA_I80A6Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Hong Kong/2986.1/2000 H5N1 genotype C)


HEMA_I00A0Hemagglutinin

pdb 3S11 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Ireland/113/1983 H5N8)


HEMA_I83A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Memphis/928/1974 H3N8)


HEMA_I74A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/New Zealand/31/1976 H4N6)


HEMA_I76AKHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Ukraine/1/1963 H3N8)


HEMA_I63A3Hemagglutinin

pdb 1IBN  1IBO  1MQL  1MQM  1MQN 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/England/321/1977 H3N2)


HEMA_I77A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Algiers/1972 H3N8)


HEMA_I72A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/C.Detroit/1/1964 H7N7)


HEMA_I64A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Cambridge/1/1963 H7N7)


HEMA_I63A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Cambridge/1/1973 H7N7)


HEMA_I73A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Detroit/1/1964 H7N7)


HEMA_I64A6Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Fontainebleau/1976 H3N8) (Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/France/1/1976 H3N8))


HEMA_I76A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Jillin/1/1989 H3N8)


HEMA_I89A7Hemagglutinin

pdb 2XN9 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Kentucky/1/1981)


HEMA_I81A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Kentucky/1/1987 H3N8)


HEMA_I87A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Kentucky/2/1986 H3N8)


HEMA_I86A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Lexington/1/1966 H7N7)


HEMA_I66A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/London/1416/1973 H7N7)


HEMA_I73A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Miami/1/1963 H3N8)


HEMA_I63A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/New Market/1/1977 H7N7)


HEMA_I77A9Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/New Market/1976 H3N8)


HEMA_I76AJHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Prague/1/1956 H7N7)


HEMA_I56A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Romania/1980 H3N8)


HEMA_I80ABHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Santiago/1/1985 H3N8)


HEMA_I85A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Sao Paulo/1/1976 H7N7)


HEMA_I76ALHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Suffolk/1989 H3N8)


HEMA_I89A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Switzerland/137/1972 H7N7)


HEMA_I72A7Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Tennessee/5/1986 H3N8)


HEMA_I86A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Tokyo/1971 H3N2)


HEMA_I71A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Uruguay/1/1963 H3N8)


HEMA_I63A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Fowl plague virus/Rostock/8/1934 H7N1)


HEMA_I34A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Grey teal/Australia/2/1979 H4N4)


HEMA_I79A7Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Astrakhan/227/1984 H13N6)


HEMA_I84A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Maryland/704/1977 H13N6)


HEMA_I77AFHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Minnesota/945/1980 H13N6)


HEMA_I80ADHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Henry/1936 H1N1)


HEMA_I36A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Herring gull/DE/677/1988 H2N8)


HEMA_I88A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hickox/1940 H1N1)


HEMA_I40A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/1/1968 H3N2)


HEMA_I68A4Hemagglutinin

pdb 3SDY  3ZTJ 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/156/1997 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd)


HEMA_I97A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/5/1983 H3N2)


HEMA_I83A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/India/6263/1980 H1N1)


HEMA_I80AAHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Japan/305/1957 H2N2)


HEMA_I57A0Hemagglutinin

pdb 2FHU 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Kiev/59/1979 H1N1)


HEMA_I79A4Hemagglutinin

pdb 1RUY 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Korea/426/1968 H2N2)


HEMA_I68A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/1/1954 H1N1)


HEMA_I54A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Malaysia:Malaya/302/1954 H1N1)


HEMA_I54A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Astrakhan/263/1982 H14N5) (Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Gurjev/263/1982 H14N5))


HEMA_I82A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/New York/6750/1978 H2N2)


HEMA_I78A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/New York/6874/1978 H3N2)


HEMA_I78A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Ohio/556/1987 H5N9)


HEMA_I87A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/1/1971 H3N2)


HEMA_I71A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/101/1972 H3N2)


HEMA_I72A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/102/1972 H3N2)


HEMA_I72A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/110/1976 H3N2)


HEMA_I76A6Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/18/1978 H3N2)


HEMA_I78A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/2/1978 H3N2)


HEMA_I78A7Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/4/1980 H3N2)


HEMA_I80A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mink/Sweden/1984 H10N4)


HEMA_I84A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/New Zealand:South Canterbury/35/2000 H1N1)


HEMA_I00A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Northern Territory/60/1968 H3N2) (Influenza A virus (strain NT60)) (Influenza A virus (strain A/NT/60/1968 H3N2))


HEMA_I68A6Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Port Chalmers/1/1973 H3N2)


HEMA_I73A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Ruddy Turnstone/New Jersey/47/1985 H4N6)


HEMA_I85A7Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Russia:St.Petersburg/8/2006 H1N1)


HEMA_I06A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Seal/Massachusetts/1/1980 H7N7)


HEMA_I80A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Seal/Massachusetts/133/1982 H4N5)


HEMA_I82A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Shearwater/Australia/1972 H6N5)


HEMA_I72A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Singapore/1/1957 H2N2)


HEMA_I57A5Hemagglutinin

pdb 2WR7  2WRB  2WRC 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Starling/Victoria/5156/1985 H7N7)


HEMA_I85A6Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Colorado/1/1977 H3N2)


HEMA_I77A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Indiana/1726/1988 H1N1)


HEMA_I88A6Hemagglutinin

pdb 1WBX 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Iowa/15/1930 H1N1)


HEMA_I30A0Hemagglutinin

pdb 1RUY 

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Netherlands/12/1985 H1N1)


HEMA_I85A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/New Jersey/11/1976 H1N1)


HEMA_I76AIHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Ukkel/1/1984 H3N2)


HEMA_I84A5Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Wisconsin/1/1961 H1N1)


HEMA_I61A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Wisconsin/1/1967 H1N1)


HEMA_I67A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Tern/South Africa/1961 H5N3)


HEMA_I61A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ireland/1378/1983 H5N8)


HEMA_I83A4Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Minnesota/1661/1981 H1N1)


HEMA_I81A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Minnesota/833/1980 H4N2)


HEMA_I80A8Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ontario/6118/1968 H8N4)


HEMA_I68A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 H5N9)


HEMA_I66A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Oregon/1971 H7N3)


HEMA_I71A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Wisconsin/1/1966 H9N2)


HEMA_I66A1Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Albany/12/1951 H1N1)


HEMA_I51A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Huston/AA/1945 H1N1)


HEMA_I45A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Iowa/1943 H1N1)


HEMA_I43A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Memphis/10/1996 H1N1)


HEMA_I96A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Phila/1935 H1N1)


HEMA_I35A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Texas/UR06-0195/2007 H1N1)


HEMA_I07A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USSR/90/1977 H1N1)


HEMA_I77ABHemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Udorn/307/1972 H3N2)


HEMA_I72A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Victoria/3/1975 H3N2)


HEMA_I75A3Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Whale/Maine/328/1984 H13N2)


HEMA_I84A2Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Wilson-Smith/1933 H1N1) (Influenza A virus (strain A/WS/1933 H1N1))


HEMA_I33A0Hemagglutinin

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/X-31 H3N2)

1 entry

Lassa virus (strain GA391) (LASV)


GLYC_LASSGPre-glycoprotein polyprotein GP complex (Pre-GP-C)

1 entry

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (strain WE) (LCMV)


GLYC_LYCVWPre-glycoprotein polyprotein GP complex (Pre-GP-C)

pdb 1S7Q  1S7R  1S7S  1S7T  1S7U  1S7V  1S7W  1S7X 

1 entry

Poliovirus type 1 (strain Sabin)


POLG_POL1SGenome polyprotein

1 entry

Poliovirus type 2 (strain Lansing)


POLG_POL2LGenome polyprotein

pdb 1EAH  3EPF 

1 entry

Poliovirus type 2 (strain W-2)


POLG_POL2WGenome polyprotein

1 entry

Poliovirus type 3 (strain 23127)


POLG_POL32Genome polyprotein

1 entry

Poliovirus type 3 (strains P3/Leon/37 and P3/Leon 12A[1]B)


POLG_POL3LGenome polyprotein

pdb 1PIV  1PVC  1VBA  1VBB  1VBC  1VBE  3EPD  3IYB  3IYC 

1 entry

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)


CAPSD_PCV2Capsid protein
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