Orthoebolavirus ~ ViralZone

Ebolavirus is a genus of ssRNA- viruses in the family Filoviridae that infect mammals. Ebolavirus infection in humans leads to fatal hemorrhagic fever.

Filamentous 970 nm long for Ebolavirus. Diameter is about 80nm.

GENOME

Negative-stranded RNA linear genome, about 18-19 kb in size. Encodes for seven proteins.

GENE EXPRESSION

The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase binds the encapsidated genome at the leader region, then sequentially transcribes each genes by recognizing start and stop signals flanking viral genes. mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated by the L protein during synthesis.
The primary product of the unedited transcript of GP gene yields a smaller non-structural glycoprotein sGP which is efficiently secreted from infected cells. RNA editing allows expression of full-length GP.

ENZYMES

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [L]
Mononega-type capping
- RNA TPase, GTase, N7 Mtase, 2'O Mtase [L]

REPLICATION

CYTOPLASMIC

Attachment to host receptors through GP glycoprotein like DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR
Cellular receptor like HAVCR1(TIM1) binds phosphatidyl serine on virion membrane and a signal is transduced into the cell that trigger the macropinocytosis program by apoptotic mimicry.
The virion enters the cell by Macropinocytosis . In some culture cells, GP glycoprotein can be processed by host Cathepsin L and Cathepsin B into 19kDa GP1. But this processing is not happening in all cells or for all ebolavirus.
GP1 interacts with host NPC1, in late macropinosome and promotes Fusion of virus membrane with the vesicle membrane. The ribonucleocapsid is then released into the cytoplasm.
Sequential transcription, viral mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated by polymerase stuttering in the cytoplasm.
Replication presumably starts when enough nucleoprotein is present to encapsidate neo-synthetized antigenomes and genomes.
The ribonucleocapsid interacts with the matrix protein, and buds via the host ESCRT complexes from the plasma membrane , releasing the virion .

Order:	Mononegavirales
Family:	Filoviridae
Genus:	Ebolavirus

Orthoebolavirus (taxid:3044781)

GENOME

GENE EXPRESSION

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

Host

Ecology and Disease

Host-virus interaction

Inhibition of host Interferon induction

Inhibition of host interferon signaling

Antigenic subvertion

Inhibition of acquired immune response

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

RNA-directed RNA polymerase L (Protein L) (Large structural protein) (Replicase) (Transcriptase)

Nucleoprotein (Ebola NP) (eNP) (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N)

Envelope glycoprotein (GP1,2) (GP)

Membrane-associated protein VP24 (Ebola VP24) (eVP24)

Transcriptional activator VP30 (EbolaVP30) (eVP30) (Minor nucleoprotein VP30)

Polymerase cofactor VP35

Matrix protein VP40 (Ebola VP40) (eVP40) (Membrane-associated protein VP40)

Pre-small/secreted glycoprotein (pre-sGP)

Super small secreted glycoprotein (SsGP)