Activation of host autophagy by virus (kw:KW-1072)
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved mechanism for the sequestration and subsequent lysosomal degradation of discrete intracellular portions of eukaryotic cells, facilitating the removal of materials not degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In addition, autophagy plays important roles in innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens.

Several viruses are able to activate host autophagy as a cellular survival mechanism. Indeed, viruses can activate programmed cell death during infection that prevent them from spreading to healthy tissue. By activating autophagy, viruses delay or inhibit apoptosis. For example, SV40 ST antigen protects cancer cells under glucose deprivation by triggering autophagy. KSHV Rta is able to enhance the autophagic process in order to facilitate viral lytic replication.
Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries
(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)264 entries grouped by strain
3 entries
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV) (SARS-CoV-2) reference strain
2 entries
African swine fever virus (strain Badajoz 1971 Vero-adapted) (Ba71V) (ASFV) reference strain
2 entries
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU4 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU4/2004) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU5 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU5/2004) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU9 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU9) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N5) (HCoV-HKU1) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) reference strain
2 entries
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (isolate United Kingdom/H123990006/2012) (MERS-CoV) (Betacoronavirus England 1) reference strain
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain 2) (MHV-2) (Murine hepatitis virus) reference strain
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain A59) (MHV-A59) (Murine hepatitis virus) reference strain
2 entries
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (strain Purdue) (TGEV) reference strain
2 entries
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) reference strain
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (isolate NADL) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus) reference strain
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Nauru/West Pac/1974) (DENV-1) reference strain
1 entry
Feline coronavirus (strain FIPV WSU-79/1146) (FCoV) reference strain
1 entry
Hantaan virus (strain 76-118) (Korean hemorrhagic fever virus) reference strain
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate H77) (HCV) reference strain
1 entry
Human rhinovirus A serotype 89 (strain 41467-Gallo) (HRV-89) reference strain
1 entry
Poliovirus type 1 (strain Mahoney) reference strain
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (strain Lelystad) (PRRSV) reference strain
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Monkey/South Africa/SA11-H96/1958/G3P5B[2]) (RV-A) (Simian Agent 11 (isolate SI/South Africa/H96/58)) reference strain
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United States/D/1974/G1P1A[8]) (RV-A) reference strain
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/SA11-Both/G3P5B[2]) (RV-A) (Simian Agent 11 (strain Both)) reference strain
1 entry
Rotavirus C (isolate RVC/Human/United Kingdom/Bristol/1989) (RV-C) reference strain
1 entry
Rotavirus X (strain RVX/Human/China/NADRV-J19/1997/GXP[X]) (RV ADRV-N) (Rotavirus (isolate novel adult diarrhea rotavirus-J19)) reference strain
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain 17D vaccine) (YFV) reference strain
1 entry
Zika virus (ZIKV) reference strain
2 entries
African swine fever virus (isolate Tick/Malawi/Lil 20-1/1983) (ASFV)
2 entries
African swine fever virus (isolate Tick/South Africa/Pretoriuskop Pr4/1996) (ASFV)
2 entries
African swine fever virus (isolate Warthog/Namibia/Wart80/1980) (ASFV)
2 entries
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette CK) (IBV)
2 entries
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus 133/2005 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/133/2005)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus 279/2005 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/279/2005)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus 512/2005 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/512/2005)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU3 (BtCoV) (SARS-like coronavirus HKU3)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus Rp3/2004 (BtCoV/Rp3/2004) (SARS-like coronavirus Rp3)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain 98TXSF-110-ENT) (BCoV-ENT) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain 98TXSF-110-LUN) (BCoV-LUN) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain Mebus) (BCoV) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain Quebec) (BCoV) (BCV)
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N1) (HCoV-HKU1)
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N2) (HCoV-HKU1)
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain JHM) (MHV-JHM) (Murine hepatitis virus)
2 entries
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (strain CV777) (PEDV)
1 entry
African swine fever virus (isolate Pig/Kenya/KEN-50/1950) (ASFV)
1 entry
Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (ALKV) (Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus)
1 entry
Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) (Andes virus)
1 entry
Banzi virus (BANV)
1 entry
Black Creek Canal orthohantavirus (BCCV) (Black Creek Canal virus)
1 entry
Bovine enterovirus (strain VG-5-27) (BEV)
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (strain CP7) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus)
1 entry
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (strain SD-1) (BVDV) (Mucosal disease virus)
1 entry
Bussuquara virus (BUSV)
1 entry
Classical swine fever virus (strain Alfort/Tuebingen) (CSFV) (Hog cholera virus)
1 entry
Classical swine fever virus (strain Brescia) (CSFV) (Hog cholera virus)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus A16 (strain G-10)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus A16 (strain Tainan/5079/98)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus A21 (strain Coe)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus A24 (strain EH24/70)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus A9 (strain Griggs)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B1 (strain Japan)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B2 (strain Ohio-1)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B3 (strain Nancy)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B3 (strain Woodruff)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B4 (strain E2)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B4 (strain JVB / Benschoten / New York/51)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B5 (strain Peterborough / 1954/UK/85)
1 entry
Coxsackievirus B6 (strain Schmitt)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Brazil/97-11/1997) (DENV-1)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 1 (strain Singapore/S275/1990) (DENV-1)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (isolate Thailand/0168/1979) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain 16681-PDK53) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Jamaica/1409/1983) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Peru/IQT2913/1996) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Puerto Rico/PR159-S1/1969) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Thailand/16681/1984) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 2 (strain Thailand/NGS-C/1944) (DENV-2)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain China/80-2/1980) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Martinique/1243/1999) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Philippines/H87/1956) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Singapore/8120/1995) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 3 (strain Sri Lanka/1266/2000) (DENV-3)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Dominica/814669/1981) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Philippines/H241/1956) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Singapore/8976/1995) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Thailand/0348/1991) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dengue virus type 4 (strain Thailand/0476/1997) (DENV-4)
1 entry
Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV) (Dobrava virus)
1 entry
Echovirus 1 (strain Human/Egypt/Farouk/1951) (E-1)
1 entry
Echovirus 11 (strain Gregory)
1 entry
Echovirus 12 (strain Travis)
1 entry
Echovirus 30 (strain Bastianni)
1 entry
Echovirus 5 (strain Noyce)
1 entry
Echovirus 6 (strain Charles)
1 entry
Echovirus 9 (strain Barty)
1 entry
Echovirus 9 (strain Hill)
1 entry
Edge Hill virus (EHV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate 1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate BK) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Con1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-J1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-JT) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HCR6) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Japanese) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Taiwan) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (strain HC-J4) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate HC-G9) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate India) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate HC-J6) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate JFH-1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate HC-J8) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate JPUT971017) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2c (isolate BEBE1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 2k (isolate VAT96) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate NZL1) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate k3a) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3b (isolate Tr-Kj) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3k (isolate JK049) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 4a (isolate ED43) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate EUH1480) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate SA13) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate 6a33) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate EUHK2) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6b (isolate Th580) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6d (isolate VN235) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6g (isolate JK046) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6h (isolate VN004) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis C virus genotype 6k (isolate VN405) (HCV)
1 entry
Hepatitis GB virus B (GBV-B) (GB virus B)
1 entry
Human enterovirus 70 (strain J670/71) (EV70) (EV-70)
1 entry
Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) (EV-71)
1 entry
Human enterovirus 71 (strain 7423/MS/87) (EV71) (EV-71)
1 entry
Human enterovirus 71 (strain USA/BrCr/1970) (EV71) (EV-71)
1 entry
Human enterovirus D68 (EV68) (EV-68)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 14 (HRV-14)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 16 (HRV-16)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 1A (HRV-1A)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 1B (HRV-1B)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 2 (HRV-2)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus 3 (HRV-3)
1 entry
Human rhinovirus C (strain C15) (HRV-C15)
1 entry
Ilheus virus (ILHV)
1 entry
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain Jaoars982) (JEV)
1 entry
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain M28) (JEV)
1 entry
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain SA(v)) (JEV)
1 entry
Japanese encephalitis virus (strain SA-14) (JEV)
1 entry
Kokobera virus (KOKV)
1 entry
Kunjin virus (strain MRM61C)
1 entry
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV)
1 entry
Langat virus (strain TP21)
1 entry
Louping ill virus (Li)
1 entry
Mosquito cell fusing agent (CFA flavivirus)
1 entry
Murray valley encephalitis virus (strain MVE-1-51) (MVEV)
1 entry
Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV)
1 entry
Poliovirus type 1 (strain Sabin)
1 entry
Poliovirus type 2 (strain Lansing)
1 entry
Poliovirus type 2 (strain W-2)
1 entry
Poliovirus type 3 (strain 23127)
1 entry
Poliovirus type 3 (strains P3/Leon/37 and P3/Leon 12A[1]B)
1 entry
Porcine enterovirus 9 (strain UKG/410/73)
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
1 entry
Rocio virus (ROCV)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Cat/Japan/FRV64/1989/G3P5B[3]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Cow/India/Hg18/2000/G15P[21]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Cow/United States/B223/1983/G10P8[11]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Dog/United States/Cu-1/1982/G3P5A[3]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Equine/United Kingdom/H2/1976/G3P4[12]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (isolate H-2))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Equine/United States/FI-23/1981/G14P4[12]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain FI23))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Human/Belgium/B4106/2000/G3P11[14]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (isolate B4106))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Human/Italy/VA70/1975/G4P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Human/Sweden/1076/1983/G2P2A[6]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Human/United Kingdom/A64/1987/G10P11[14]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Human/United States/WI61/1983/G9P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Mouse/Brazil/EHP/1981/G16P[20]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (isolate RVA/Mouse/United States/Eb/1982/G16P10[16]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Cow/France/RF/1975/G6P6[1]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Cow/United Kingdom/UK/1975/G6P7[5]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Cow/United States/NCDV-Lincoln/1969/G6P6[1]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain Nebraska calf diarrhea virus))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Cow/United States/WC3/1981/G6P7[5]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus (strain Wistar calf 3))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Equine/United States/FI-14/1980/G3P4[12]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain FI14))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Australia/RV-4/1977/G1P1A[8]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain RV4))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Australia/RV-5/1981/G2P1B[4]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain RV5))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Indonesia/69M/1980/G8P4[10]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/AU-1/1982/G3P3[9]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/KU/1995/G1P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/KUN/1980/G2P1B[4]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/MO/1982/G3P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/S2/1980/G2P1B[4]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Japan/YO/1977/G3P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Philippines/L26/1987/G12P1B[4]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United Kingdom/A28/1987/G10P[X]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United Kingdom/ST3/1975/G4P2A[6]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain St. Thomas 3))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United States/DS-1/1976/G2P1B[4]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain DS1))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United States/M/1976/G3P[X]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United States/P/1974/G3P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/United States/Wa/1974/G1P1A[8]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Human/Venezuela/M37/1982/G1P2A[6]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Pig/Mexico/YM/1983/G11P9[7]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Pig/United States/OSU/1977/G5P9[7]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain Ohio State University))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Rabbit/United States/ALA/XXXX/G3P11[14]) (RV-A) (Rotavirus A (strain Alabama))
1 entry
Rotavirus A (strain RVA/Turkey/Ireland/Ty-1/1978/G7P[17]) (RV-A)
1 entry
Rotavirus B (isolate RVB/Human/China/ADRV/1982) (RV-B) (Rotavirus B (isolate adult diarrhea rotavirus))
1 entry
Rotavirus C (strain RVC/Pig/United States/Cowden/1980) (RV-C)
1 entry
Rotavirus X (isolate RVX/Human/Bangladesh/NADRV-B219/2002/GXP[X]) (RV ADRV-N) (Rotavirus (isolate novel adult diarrhea rotavirus-B219))
1 entry
Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) (Sin Nombre virus)
1 entry
Swine vesicular disease virus (strain H/3 '76) (SVDV)
1 entry
Swine vesicular disease virus (strain UKG/27/72) (SVDV)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (strain Hypr) (TBEV)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus European subtype (strain Neudoerfl) (NEUV) (Neudoerfl virus)
1 entry
Tick-borne encephalitis virus Far Eastern subtype (strain Sofjin) (SOFV) (Sofjin virus)
1 entry
Tick-borne powassan virus (strain LB) (POWV) (Powassan virus)
1 entry
Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) (Tula virus)
1 entry
Usutu virus (USUV)
1 entry
Wesselsbron virus (WSLV)
1 entry
West Nile virus (WNV)
1 entry
West Nile virus (strain NY-99) (WNV) (West Nile virus (strain NY-1999))
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Angola/14FA/1971) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ethiopia/Couma/1961) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ivory Coast/1999) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Ivory Coast/85-82H/1982) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (isolate Uganda/A7094A4/1948) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain French neurotropic vaccine FNV) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain Ghana/Asibi/1927) (YFV)
1 entry
Yellow fever virus (strain Trinidad/TRINID79A/1979) (YFV)
1 entry
Zika virus (isolate ZIKV/Human/Cambodia/FSS13025/2010) (ZIKV)
1 entry