VIRION
Enveloped, bullet shaped. About 50 nm in diameter and up to 190 nm long.
Arboretum and Puerto Almendras viruses: two novel rhabdoviruses isolated from mosquitoes in Peru
Nikos Vasilakis, Fanny Castro-Llanos, Steven G. Widen, Patricia V. Aguilar, Hilda Guzman, Carolina Guevara, Roberto Fernandez, Albert J. Auguste, Thomas G. Wood, Vsevolod Popov, Kirk Mundal, Elodie Ghedin, Tadeusz J. Kochel, Edward C. Holmes, Peter J. Walker, Robert B. Tesh
J. Gen. Virol. April 2014; 95: 787??792
Nikos Vasilakis, Fanny Castro-Llanos, Steven G. Widen, Patricia V. Aguilar, Hilda Guzman, Carolina Guevara, Roberto Fernandez, Albert J. Auguste, Thomas G. Wood, Vsevolod Popov, Kirk Mundal, Elodie Ghedin, Tadeusz J. Kochel, Edward C. Holmes, Peter J. Walker, Robert B. Tesh
J. Gen. Virol. April 2014; 95: 787??792
GENOME
Negative-stranded RNA linear genome, about 13 kb in size. Encodes for seven to twelve proteins, including the five canonical rhabdovirus structural proteins genes, plus additional ORFS between the M-G and G-L genes.
GENE EXPRESSION
The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase binds the encapsidated genome at the leader region, then sequentially transcribes each genes by recognizing start and stop signals flanking viral genes. mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated by the L protein during synthesis.
ENZYMES
- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [L]
- Mononega-type capping
- RNA TPase, GTase, N7 Mtase, 2'O Mtase [L]
REPLICATION
CYTOPLASMIC
- Attachment of the viral G glycoproteins to host receptors mediates endocytosis of the virus into the host cell.
- Fusion of virus membrane with the vesicle membrane; ribonucleocapsid is released into the cytoplasm.
- Sequential transcription , viral mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated by polymerase stuttering in the cytoplasm.
- Replication presumably starts when enough nucleoprotein is present to encapsidate neo-synthetized antigenomes and genomes.
- The ribonucleocapsid binds to the matrix protein and buds, releasing new virions.