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Virus Family virion Host function Viral protein Receptor Type Host expression Virus tropism entry mode
Rhesus Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Monkeys Adhesion VP4
JAM-A/F11R
Adhesion molecule epithelial cells biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocytes) Clathrin/caveolin-independent endocytosis
Rhesus Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Monkeys Adhesion VP8* Neu5Ac Sialic acids Carbohydrate ? biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocytes) Clathrin/caveolin-independent endocytosis
Rhesus Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Monkeys Entry VP4 Integrin α2β1 Adhesion molecule ? biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocytes) Clathrin/caveolin-independent endocytosis
Rhesus Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Monkeys Entry VP4 Integrin α4 β1 Adhesion molecule Leukocytes biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocytes) Clathrin/caveolin-independent endocytosis
Rhesus Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Monkeys Entry VP4 Integrin αV β3 Adhesion molecule ? biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocytes) Clathrin/caveolin-independent endocytosis
Porcine Rotavirus Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Pig Adhesion VP8* Neu5Gc Sialic acids Carbohydrate ? enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Human Rotavirus strain Wa Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Human Adhesion VP8* A Histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) Adhesion molecule ? enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Human Rotavirus strain Wa Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Human Adhesion VP4 JAM-A/F11R Adhesion molecule ? enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Human Rotavirus strain Wa Reoviridae, Rotavirus dsRNA Non-env Human Entry VP4 Integrin α2β1 Adhesion molecule ? enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Mammalian reovirus Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus dsRNA Non-env Human Entry Sigma-1 JAM-A/F11R , Carbohydrates Adhesion molecule ? neurons Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Mammalian reovirus Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus dsRNA Non-env Human Entry Sigma-1 Integrin β1 Adhesion molecule ? primary: enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi, secondary: neurons Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Mammalian reovirus Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus dsRNA Non-env Human Entry Sigma-1 RTN4R(NgR1) Receptor Neurons primary: enterocytes at the top of intestinal villi, secondary: neurons Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Bluetongue virus Reoviridae, Orbivirus dsRNA Non-env Bovine, goat, sheep, bitting midges Adhesion? Outer capsid protein VP2 Sialic acids? Carbohydrate ? Mammals primary: lymphocytes, secondary: endothelial cells; Insect: gut Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Bluetongue virus Reoviridae, Orbivirus dsRNA Non-env Bovine, goat, sheep, bitting midges Adhesion? Outer capsid protein VP2 Heparan sulfate Polysaccharide ? Mammals primary: lymphocytes, secondary: endothelial cells; Insect: gut Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Bluetongue virus Reoviridae, Orbivirus dsRNA Non-env Bovine, goat, sheep, bitting midges Entry? Intermediate capsid protein VP7 Integrin? Adhesion molecule ? Mammals primary: lymphocytes, secondary: endothelial cells; Insect: gut Clathrin-mediated endocytosis