Gammacoronavirus (taxid:694013)

VIRION

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Enveloped, spherical, about 120 nm in diameter. The RNA genome is associated with the N protein to form the nucleocapsid. see Neuman BW et al. for virion cryo-electron microscopy analysis.

GENOME

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Monopartite, linear ssRNA(+) genome of 27-32kb in size (the largest of all RNA virus genomes). Capped, and polyadenylated. The leader RNA (65-89 bp) at the 5' end of the genome is also present at the end of each subgenomic RNAs.

GENE EXPRESSION

The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both the genome and viral messenger RNA. Genomic RNA encodes for ORF1a, as for ORF1b, it is translated by ribosomal frameshifting. Resulting proteins pp1a and pp1ab are processed into the viral polymerase (RdRp) and other non-structural proteins involved in RNA synthesis. Structural proteins are expressed as subgenomic RNAs. Each RNA (genomic and subgenomic) is translated to yield only the protein encoded by the 5'-most ORF.

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

CYTOPLASMIC

  1. Attachement of the viral S protein (maybe also HE if present) to host receptors mediates endocytosis of the virus into the host cell.
  2. Fusion of virus membrane with the endosomal membrane (probably mediated by S2), ssRNA(+) genome is released into the cytoplasm.
  3. Synthesis and proteolytic cleavage of the replicase polyprotein.
  4. Replication occurs in viral factories. A dsRNA genome is synthesized from the genomic ssRNA(+).
  5. The dsRNA genome is transcribed/replicated thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes.
  6. Synthesis of structural proteins encoded by subgenomic mRNAs.
  7. Assembly and budding at membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the intermediate compartments, and/or the Golgi complex.
  8. Release of new virions by exocytosis.

Host-virus interaction

Autophagy modulation

IBV nsp6 proteins induces autophagy to promote virus replication .

Apoptosis modulation

IBV seems to induce apoptosis at late stages of the infection cycle .

Cell-cycle modulation

IBV induces a both S-phase and G(2)/M-phase arrest in infected cells to promote favorable conditions for viral replication .

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

65 entries grouped by protein

1 entry

Protein I (Accessory protein N2) (N internal ORF protein) (IORF) (Protein in nucleocapsid ORF)

IORF_CVTKE
Turkey enteric coronavirus (TCoV) (TCV)

17 entries

Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) (NC) (Protein N)

Select_allDeselect_all
NCAP_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
NCAP_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
NCAP_CVTIN
Turkey coronavirus (strain Indiana) (TCoV) (TCV)
NCAP_CVTMI
Turkey coronavirus (strain Minnesota) (TCoV) (TCV)
NCAP_CVTNC
Turkey coronavirus (strain NC95) (TCoV) (TCV)
NCAP_IBVAR
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Arkansas 99) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVBC
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette CK) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVBU
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette US) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVD1
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain D1466) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVDE
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain DE072) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVG
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Gray) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVH1
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain H120) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVH5
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain H52) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVK
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain KB8523) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVSA
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain SAIB20) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVV1
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain V18/91) (IBV)
NCAP_IBVVI
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Vic S) (IBV)

5 entries

Non-structural protein 3a (ns3a) (Accessory protein 3a)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS3A_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
NS3A_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
NS3A_IBVP3
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Portugal/322/82) (IBV)
NS3A_IBVU4
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/68/84) (IBV)
NS3A_IBVU5
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/183/66) (IBV)

5 entries

Non-structural protein 3b (ns3b) (Accessory protein 3b)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS3B_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
NS3B_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
NS3B_IBVP3
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Portugal/322/82) (IBV)
NS3B_IBVU4
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/68/84) (IBV)
NS3B_IBVU5
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/183/66) (IBV)

2 entries

Non-structural protein 5a (ns5a) (Accessory protein 5a)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS5A_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
NS5A_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain

3 entries

Host translation inhibitor 5b (ns5b) (Accessory protein 5b)

Select_allDeselect_all
NS5B_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
NS5B_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
NS5B_IBVK
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain KB8523) (IBV)

3 entries

Replicase polyprotein 1a (pp1a) (ORF1a polyprotein)

Select_allDeselect_all
R1A_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
R1A_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
R1A_IBVBC
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette CK) (IBV)

3 entries

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (pp1ab) (ORF1ab polyprotein)

Select_allDeselect_all
R1AB_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
R1AB_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
R1AB_IBVBC
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette CK) (IBV)

5 entries

Spike glycoprotein (S glycoprotein) (E2) (Peplomer protein)

Select_allDeselect_all
SPIKE_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
SPIKE_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
SPIKE_IBV6
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain 6/82) (IBV)
SPIKE_IBVD2
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain D274) (IBV)
SPIKE_IBVK
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain KB8523) (IBV)

1 entry

Uridine kinase P10 (EC 2.7.1.48) (Accessory protein P10) (AcP10)

UCK10_BWCOV
Beluga whale coronavirus (strain SW1) (BwCoV) reference strain

6 entries

Envelope small membrane protein (E protein) (sM protein)

Select_allDeselect_all
VEMP_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
VEMP_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
VEMP_IBVK
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain KB8523) (IBV)
VEMP_IBVP3
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Portugal/322/82) (IBV)
VEMP_IBVU4
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/68/84) (IBV)
VEMP_IBVU5
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain UK/183/66) (IBV)

14 entries

Membrane protein (M protein) (E1 glycoprotein) (Matrix glycoprotein) (Membrane glycoprotein)

Select_allDeselect_all
VME1_IBVB
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette) (IBV) reference strain
VME1_IBVM
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain M41) (IBV) reference strain
VME1_CVTKE
Turkey enteric coronavirus (TCoV) (TCV)
VME1_IBV41
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain D41) (IBV)
VME1_IBV6
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain 6/82) (IBV)
VME1_IBVB2
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette M42) (IBV)
VME1_IBVBC
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette CK) (IBV)
VME1_IBVBU
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Beaudette US) (IBV)
VME1_IBVD1
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain D1466) (IBV)
VME1_IBVDE
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain DE072) (IBV)
VME1_IBVG
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain Gray) (IBV)
VME1_IBVH1
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain H120) (IBV)
VME1_IBVH5
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain H52) (IBV)
VME1_IBVK
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain KB8523) (IBV)