Inhibition of host pre-mRNA processing by virus (kw:KW-1103)

Host mRNAs poly(A) tail is added in two steps. First, pre-mRNAs are cleaved and a short poly(A) tail is added. Subsequent elongation of this short poly(A) tail requires poly(A)-binding protein II, CPSF complex and PAP (PABII), which facilitate rapid, processive poly(A) addition. PABII also plays a role in nuclear export of host mRNAs.

Some viruses interfere with host pre-mRNA processing function. Incompletely processed mRNA are non-functional leading to shutoff of host proteins expression. This gives viruses transcripts a competitive edge for access to the cellular translation machinery. Preventing the expression of host proteins is also a strategy to counteract the antiviral response. Some viruses have been shown to inhibit host pre-mRNA processing by blocking cellular splicing or polyadenylation.

Herpesvirus protein ICP27 mediates the inhibition of cellular splicing. Early in infection, ICP27 interacts with several splicing factors, including members of a family of essential splicing factors termed SR proteins, and affects their phosphorylation. This results in the blockage of the pre-spliceosome assembly, which in turn contributes to the shutoff of host protein synthesis because of incomplete cellular pre-mRNAs processing.

Influenza virus NS1 can bind to CPSF30 and PABII and thus inhibits host pre-mRNA processing.
NS1 of the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 has a truncated C-terminus and has apparently lost the ability to bind PABII

Viruses inhibiting host mRNA splicing:

Family Virus Viral protein mRNA processing inhibition strategy references
Orthomyxoviridae Influenza A virus NS1 Inhibition of polyadenylation via binding to CPSF30 and PABII
Herpesviridae HHV1, HHV2 ICP27 Inhibition of splicing
Retroviridae HIV-1 VPR Inhibition of splicing

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

121 entries grouped by strain

1 entry

Human herpesvirus 1 (strain 17) (HHV-1) (Human herpes simplex virus 1) reference strain

ICP27_HHV11 mRNA export factor (Immediate-early protein IE63) (Infected cell protein 27) (ICP27) (VMW63)

1 entry

Human herpesvirus 2 (strain HG52) (HHV-2) (Human herpes simplex virus 2) reference strain

ICP27_HHV2H mRNA export factor (Immediate-early protein IE63) (Infected cell protein 27) (ICP27) (VMW63)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Czechoslovakia/1956 H4N6) reference strain

NS1_I56A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/England/1/1956 H11N6) reference strain

NS1_I56A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd) reference strain

NS1_I96A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/New York/6750/1978 H2N2) reference strain

NS1_I78A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1) reference strain

NS1_I34A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Wilson-Smith/1933 H1N1) (Influenza A virus (strain A/WS/1933 H1N1)) reference strain

NS1_I33A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Human herpesvirus 1 (strain HFEM) (HHV-1) (Human herpes simplex virus 1)

ICP27_HHV1E mRNA export factor (Immediate-early protein IE63) (Infected cell protein 27) (ICP27)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Aichi/2/1968 H3N2)

NS1_I68A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Alaska/6/1977 H3N2)

NS1_I77A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Anas acuta/Primorje/695/1976 H2N3)

NS1_I76A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Ann Arbor/6/1960 H2N2)

NS1_I60A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Beijing/352/1989 H3N2)

NS1_I89A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Beijing/39/1975 H3N2)

NS1_I75A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Brazil/11/1978 H1N1)

NS1_I77AA Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Brevig Mission/1/1918 H1N1) (Influenza A virus (strain A/South Carolina/1/1918 H1N1))

NS1_I18A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/1977 H4N6)

NS1_I77AG Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Brescia/1902 H7N7)

NS1_I02A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Germany/n/1949 H10N7)

NS1_I49A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/220/1997 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd)

NS1_I97A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/31.2/2002 H5N1 genotype X1)

NS1_I02A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/37.4/2002 H5N1 genotype X2)

NS1_I02A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/715.5/2001 H5N1 genotype E)

NS1_I01A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/96.1/2002 H5N1 genotype Y)

NS1_I02A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/FY150/2001 H5N1 genotype D)

NS1_I01A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/YU22/2002 H5N1 genotype Z)

NS1_I02A6 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Hong Kong/YU562/2001 H5N1 genotype B)

NS1_I01A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/1/1983 H5N2)

NS1_I83A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/1370/1983 H5N2)

NS1_I83A6 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Scotland/1959 H5N1)

NS1_I59A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Shantou/4231/2003 H5N1 genotype V)

NS1_I03A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chicken/Victoria/1/1985 H7N7)

NS1_I85A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Chile/1/1983 H1N1)

NS1_I83A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/China:Nanchang/11/1996 H1N1)

NS1_I96A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Alberta/60/1976 H12N5)

NS1_I76A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Germany/1949 H10N7)

NS1_I49A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Hokkaido/8/1980 H3N8)

NS1_I80A6 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Hong Kong/2986.1/2000 H5N1 genotype C)

NS1_I00A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/England/878/1969 H3N2)

NS1_I69A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Alaska/1/1991 H3N8)

NS1_I91A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Jillin/1/1989 H3N8)

NS1_I89A7 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/London/1416/1973 H7N7)

NS1_I73A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/New Market/1/1977 H7N7)

NS1_I77A9 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Prague/1/1956 H7N7)

NS1_I56A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Equine/Tennessee/5/1986 H3N8)

NS1_I86A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Fort Monmouth/1/1947 H1N1)

NS1_I47A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Fort Warren/1/1950 H1N1)

NS1_I50A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Fowl plague virus/Rostock/8/1934 H7N1)

NS1_I34A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Grey teal/Australia/2/1979 H4N4)

NS1_I79A7 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Guinea fowl/Hong Kong/38/2002 H5N1 genotype X0)

NS1_I02A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Maryland/1824/1978 H13N6)

NS1_I78AF Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Maryland/704/1977 H13N6)

NS1_I77AF Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Massachusetts/26/1980 H13N6)

NS1_I80AC Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Gull/Minnesota/945/1980 H13N6)

NS1_I80AD Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Henry/1936 H1N1)

NS1_I36A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Herring gull/DE/677/1988 H2N8)

NS1_I88A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hickox/1940 H1N1)

NS1_I40A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/1/1968 H3N2)

NS1_I68A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/156/1997 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd)

NS1_I97A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/212/2003 H5N1 genotype Z+)

NS1_I03A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/5/1983 H3N2)

NS1_I83A8 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/India/6263/1980 H1N1)

NS1_I80AA Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Japan/305/1957 H2N2)

NS1_I57A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Korea/426/1968 H2N2)

NS1_I68A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/1/1954 H1N1)

NS1_I54A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/134/17/1957 H2N2)

NS1_I57A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/134/1957 H2N2)

NS1_I57A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/134/47/1957 H2N2)

NS1_I57A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Malaysia:Malaya/302/1954 H1N1)

NS1_I54A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Alberta/827/1978 H8N4)

NS1_I78A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Alberta/88/1976 H3N8)

NS1_I76A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/New York/6874/1978 H3N2)

NS1_I78A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Mallard/Ohio/556/1987 H5N9)

NS1_I87A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/1/1971 H3N2)

NS1_I71A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/101/1972 H3N2)

NS1_I72A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/102/1972 H3N2)

NS1_I72A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/110/1976 H3N2)

NS1_I76A6 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/18/1978 H3N2)

NS1_I78A8 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/2/1978 H3N2)

NS1_I78A7 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Memphis/4/1980 H3N2)

NS1_I80A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/New Zealand:South Canterbury/35/2000 H1N1)

NS1_I00A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Pintail/Alberta/119/1979 H4N6)

NS1_I79A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Pintail/Alberta/121/1979 H7N8)

NS1_I79A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Pintail/Alberta/268/1978 H6N2)

NS1_I78AA Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Pintail/Alberta/358/1979 H3N6)

NS1_I79A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Port Chalmers/1/1973 H3N2)

NS1_I73A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Qu/7/1970 H3N2)

NS1_I70A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Ruddy Turnstone/New Jersey/47/1985 H4N6)

NS1_I85A7 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Russia:St.Petersburg/8/2006 H1N1)

NS1_I06A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Seal/Massachusetts/1/1980 H7N7)

NS1_I80A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Seal/Massachusetts/133/1982 H4N5)

NS1_I82A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Shearwater/Australia/1972 H6N5)

NS1_I72A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Silky Chicken/Hong Kong/SF189/2001 H5N1 genotype A)

NS1_I01A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Silky Chicken/Hong Kong/YU100/2002 H5N1 genotype X3)

NS1_I02A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Singapore/1/1957 H2N2)

NS1_I57A5 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Colorado/1/1977 H3N2)

NS1_I77A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Iowa/15/1930 H1N1)

NS1_I30A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Swine/Wisconsin/1/1961 H1N1)

NS1_I61A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Tern/Turkmenia/18/1972 H3N3)

NS1_I72A6 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Tokyo/3/1967 H2N2)

NS1_I67A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Bethlehem-Glilit/1492-B/1982 H1N1)

NS1_I82A8 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Canada/1963 H6N8)

NS1_I63A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ireland/1378/1983 H5N8)

NS1_I83A4 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Minnesota/501/1978 H6N8)

NS1_I78AC Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Minnesota/833/1980 H4N2)

NS1_I80A8 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ontario/6118/1968 H8N4)

NS1_I68A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 H5N9)

NS1_I66A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Oregon/1971 H7N3)

NS1_I71A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Turkey/Wisconsin/1/1966 H9N2)

NS1_I66A1 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Albany/12/1951 H1N1)

NS1_I51A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Huston/AA/1945 H1N1)

NS1_I45A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Iowa/1943 H1N1)

NS1_I43A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Memphis/10/1996 H1N1)

NS1_I96A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Phila/1935 H1N1)

NS1_I35A3 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USA:Texas/UR06-0195/2007 H1N1)

NS1_I07A0 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/USSR/90/1977 H1N1)

NS1_I77AB Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Udorn/307/1972 H3N2)

NS1_I72A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Wa-182)

NS1_I000W Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/Whale/Maine/328/1984 H13N2)

NS1_I84A2 Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)

1 entry

Influenza A virus (strain A/X-31 H3N2)

NS1_I000X Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (NS1A)