Vesivirus (taxid:95337)

VIRION

Non-enveloped, capsid of about 38-40 nm in diameter, with T=3 icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is composed of 180 VP1 proteins. Small empty virions are about 23nm in diameter, and would be of T=1 icosahedral symmetry, composed of 60 VP1 proteins.

GENOME

Monopartite, linear ssRNA(+) genome of 7.3 to 8.3 kb. The 5'-terminus is linked to a VPg protein and the 3'-terminus has a poly(A) tract.

GENE EXPRESSION

The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both genome and viral messenger RNA. Cleavage of ORF1 polyprotein by the virus-encoded 3C-like cysteine proteinase yields the mature nonstructural proteins. Subgenomic RNA encodes for ORF2 capsid protein and ORF3 minor structural protein. ORF2 encodes a capsid precursor protein that is proteolytically processed by the viral proteinase to yield the mature capsid protein. ORF3 encodes a small structural protein VP2 which is expressed through RNA termination-reinitiation.

ENZYMES

• RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [Protease-Pol Q9DUN3]
• VPG-type capping [VPg Q9DUN3]
• NTPase-helicase [NTPase Q9DUN3]
• Protease (Peptidase C24) [Protease-Pol Q9DUN3]

REPLICATION

CYTOPLASMIC

1. Attachement to host receptors mediates endocytosis of the virus into the host cell.
2. Uncoating, and release of the viral genomic RNA into the cytoplasm.
3. VPg is removed from the viral RNA, which is then translated into a processed ORF1 polyprotein to yield the replication proteins.
4. Replication occurs in viral factories. A dsRNA genome is synthesized from the genomic ssRNA(+).
5. The dsRNA genome is transcribed/replicated thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes.
6. Subgenomic RNA translation gives rise to the capsid protein and VP2.
7. Assembly of new virus particles and release by cell lysis.

Host-virus interaction

Host gene expression shutoff by virus

Feline calicivirus mediates host translation shutoff by cleaving PABP1 .