Inhibition of host ISG15 by virus (kw:KW-1095)
The ISG15 protein is a ubiquitin-like modifier induced by interferon, which induces modification and somehow inhibits cellular and viral proteins . Like ubiquitin , ISG15 is conjugated to lysines on numerous target proteins through its conserved C-terminal region. This reaction is mediated by specific E1-activating, E2-conjugating, and E3-ligase enzymes, all of which are also IFN-inducible.

Viruses escape from the antiviral activity of ISG15 by using different mechanisms. The influenza B virus NS1 protein for instance blocks the covalent linkage of ISG15 to its target proteins by directly interacting with ISG15. The papain-like protease from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus cleaves ISG15 derivatives.This resluts in inactivation of host antiviral protein MDA-5.
Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries
(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)71 entries grouped by strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU4 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU4/2004) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU5 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU5/2004) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU9 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/HKU9) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N5) (HCoV-HKU1) reference strain
2 entries
Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) reference strain
2 entries
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (isolate United Kingdom/H123990006/2012) (MERS-CoV) (Betacoronavirus England 1) reference strain
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain 2) (MHV-2) (Murine hepatitis virus) reference strain
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain A59) (MHV-A59) (Murine hepatitis virus) reference strain
2 entries
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) reference strain
2 entries
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV) (SARS-CoV-2) reference strain
1 entry
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (strain Nigeria/IbAr10200/1970) (CCHFV) reference strain
1 entry
Dugbe virus (isolate ArD44313) (DUGV) reference strain
1 entry
Equine arteritis virus (strain Bucyrus) (EAV) reference strain
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Lee/1940) reference strain
1 entry
Monkeypox virus reference strain
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (strain Lelystad) (PRRSV) reference strain
1 entry
Vaccinia virus (strain Copenhagen) (VACV) reference strain
1 entry
Vaccinia virus (strain Western Reserve) (VACV) (Vaccinia virus (strain WR)) reference strain
1 entry
Variola virus (isolate Human/India/Ind3/1967) (VARV) (Smallpox virus) reference strain
2 entries
Bat coronavirus 133/2005 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/133/2005)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus 279/2005 (BtCoV) (BtCoV/279/2005)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus HKU3 (BtCoV) (SARS-like coronavirus HKU3)
2 entries
Bat coronavirus Rp3/2004 (BtCoV/Rp3/2004) (SARS-like coronavirus Rp3)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain 98TXSF-110-ENT) (BCoV-ENT) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain 98TXSF-110-LUN) (BCoV-LUN) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain Mebus) (BCoV) (BCV)
2 entries
Bovine coronavirus (strain Quebec) (BCoV) (BCV)
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N1) (HCoV-HKU1)
2 entries
Human coronavirus HKU1 (isolate N2) (HCoV-HKU1)
2 entries
Murine coronavirus (strain JHM) (MHV-JHM) (Murine hepatitis virus)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Ann Arbor/1/1966 [cold-adapted])
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Ann Arbor/1/1966 [wild-type])
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/BA/1978)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/GA/1986)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/GL/1954)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/HT/1984)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Hong Kong/8/1973)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/ID/1986)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Maryland/1959)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/PA/1979)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/RU/1969)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Singapore/1964)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Singapore/222/1979)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Victoria/1987)
1 entry
Influenza B virus (strain B/Yamagata/1/1973)
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate Pig/United States/SD 01-08/2001) (PRRSV)
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (strain 16244B) (PRRSV)
1 entry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (strain HB-1) (PRRSV)
1 entry