VIRION
The virion has not be observed, it is presumably enveloped.
GENOME
Negative-stranded RNA linear genome, about 12 kb in size. Encodes for three proteins.
ENZYMES
- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [L]
- Mononega-type capping
- RNA TPase, GTase, N7 Mtase, 2'O Mtase [L]
GENE EXPRESSION
The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase binds the encapsidated genome at the leader region, then sequentially transcribes each genes by recognizing start and stop signals flanking viral genes. mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated by the L protein during synthesis.
REPLICATION
CYTOPLASMIC
- Virus attaches to host cell surface receptors through glycoprotein.
- Fusion with the plasma membrane; viral genome is released in the cytoplasm.
- Sequential transcription, viral mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated in the cytoplasm.
- Replication.
- The viral genome buds, releasing the virion.