Virus proteins folds

Viral hallmark proteins (VHP) is a small set of viral protein folds that are widely distributed among viruses and play key roles in replication and capsid formation.

Virus particle

Capsids are protein shells that protect viral genomes. There are about 20 unrelated varieties of these proteins. Most of these folds have evolved independently several times from ancestral proteins of cellular organisms .

• Icosahedral capsid
  • HK97 fold T=1, T=3, T=4 Duplodnaviria
  • Jelly-roll family
    • Single-jelly roll, horizontal T=1, T=3,T=7, T=28 PisuviricotaKitrinoviricotaMonodnaviriaSingelaviria
    • Single-jelly roll, vertical T=13 Duplodnaviricota
    • Double-jelly roll, Horizontal/vertical T=13 DuplodnaviricotaKitrinoviricota
    • Double-jelly roll, vertical T=21->T=277 Varidnaviria
  • Duplorna-fold family T=2 Duplodnaviricota
  • Chymotrypsin fold T=4 (Alphavirus) Kitrinoviricota
  • beta sheet Lenar fold Lenarviricota
  • Retro-CA fold Artverviricota
  • alpha helical, HBV fold Artverviricota
• Helical capsid
  • SIRV2-like folding Adnaviria
  • Inovirus-like, plectro-like, Spira-like Monodnaviria
  • TMV-like, Clostero-like, Tymovirales Kitrinoviricota
  • Poty-like, Amalga-like, Polymyco-like Pisuviricota
  • Baculo-like
  • Rhabdo-, Pneumo-, Paramyxo-,Borna-, Filo-, Aspi-,Flu-, Hanta-, Bunya-, Phenui-,Arena-, Nairo- Negarnaviricota
• Matrix
  • Retro-Matrix Artverviricota
  • Arena-matrix Negarnaviricota
  • Flavi capsid fold Kitrinoviricota
• Fusion
  • Type I
  • TypeII
  • TypeIII

Viral enzymes

• Polymerase
  • RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)
  • Reverse Transcribing polymerase (RTase)
  • Protein-primed DNA polymerase
• Helicase
  • Superfamily 3 helicase
• Rep
  • Rolling-circle replication endonuclease
• Packaging
  • genome packaging ATPase-nuclease (large terminase subunit)
  • portal protein
• protease
  • Chymotripysin
  • Papain