Spinareoviridae (taxid:2946187)
VIRION
Non enveloped, icosahedral virion with a double capsid structure (except for cypoviruses and dinovernaviruses which have only the equivalent of the inner capsid). The outer capsid has a T=13 icosahedral symmetry, the inner capsid a T=2* icosahedral symmetry.
GENOME
Segmented linear dsRNA genome. Contains 10 to 12 segments coding for 10 to 14 proteins. Segments size range from 0.2 to 3.0 kb. Genome total size range from 18.2 to 30.5 kb.
GENE EXPRESSION
The dsRNA genome is never completely uncoated to prevent activation of antiviral state by the cell in response to dsRNA. Viral polymerase synthesizes mRNA from each of the dsRNA segments. These mRNAs are translocated to the cell cytoplasm where they are translated.
Further proteins are produced by leaky scanning and protein processing.
ENZYMES
REPLICATION
CYTOPLASMIC
- Attachement to host receptors probably mediates endocytosis of virus into host cell.
- Particles are partially uncoated in endolysosomes, but not entirely, and penetrate in the cytoplasm.
- Early transcription of the dsRNA genome by viral polymerase occurs inside this sub-viral particle (naked core), so that dsRNA is never exposed to the cytoplasm.
- Transcription from each of the dsRNA segments produces mRNA templates for translation.
- Viral proteins and genomic RNAs aggregates in cytoplasmic viral factories.
- (+)RNAs are encapsidated in a sub-viral particle, in which they are transcribed to give RNA (-) molecules with which they become base-paired to produce dsRNA genomes.
- The capsid is assembled on the sub-viral particle.
- Mature virions are released presumably following cell death and associated breakdown of host plasma membrane.
Host-virus interaction
Apoptosis modulation
Mammalian reovirus mediates host cell apoptosis through the activation of death receptors, including TRAIL, TNFR and Fas
.
Activation of these death receptors induces the activation downstream caspases (caspase-3)
Avian orthoreovirus induces host cell apoptosis probably through upregulation of p53 (activation of DNA-damage signalling) by viral sigmaC protein
.
Autophagy modulation
Avian orthoreovirus also seems to induces autophagy
.
Innate immune response inhibition
Avian orthoreovirus σA protein binds to dsRNA and inhibits the PRK-mediated antiviral response of the host cell
.
Mammalian orthoreoreovirus σ3 protein binds to dsRNA and inhibits the PRK-mediated antiviral response of the host cell
.
Mammalian orthoreovirus &mu2; protein from strain Lang (T1L) inhibits IFN-beta-induced reporter gene expression
.
Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries
(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)142 entries grouped by protein
13 entries
Inner capsid protein VP3 (ATP-dependent DNA helicase VP3)
3 entries
Outer capsid protein lambda-2 (Lambda2) (Lambda2(Cap))
3 entries
Outer capsid protein mu-1 (Mu1)
3 entries
Microtubule-associated protein mu-2 (Mu2)
3 entries
Protein mu-NS (MuNS)
1 entry
Movement and RNA silencing protein VP6
1 entry
Non-structural protein 1 (NS1)
1 entry
Non-structural protein 3 (NS3)
1 entry
Non-structural protein 5 (NS5)
5 entries
Polyhedrin (C-polyhedrin)
12 entries
RNA-directed RNA polymerase VP2 (EC 2.7.7.48)
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S10
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S2
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S3
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S3bis
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S7
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S8
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein S9
3 entries
Protein sigma-1-small (Sigma1s) (Sigma-s) (Sigma1NS) (Sigma1bNS) (p14)
1 entry
Sigma-C capsid protein (Sigma-3 protein)
3 entries
Outer capsid protein sigma-1 (Sigma1) (Cell attachment protein) (Hemagglutinin)
3 entries
Inner capsid protein sigma-2 (Sigma2)
3 entries
Outer capsid protein sigma-3 (Sigma3)
3 entries
Protein sigma-NS (SigmaNS)
2 entries
Non-structural protein 1 (NS1)
2 entries
Non-structural protein 2 (NS2)
2 entries
Non-structural 3 (NS3) (NS26)
2 entries
Non-structural protein 4 (NS4)
2 entries
Non-structural protein 5 (NS5)
5 entries
Outer capsid protein VP1
5 entries
Microtubule-associated protein VP10
2 entries
Uncharacterized protein VP11
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein VP12
1 entry
Outer capsid protein VP2
4 entries
Putative structural protein VP3
7 entries
Uncharacterized protein VP4
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein VP4b
8 entries
Uncharacterized protein VP5
7 entries
Microtubule-associated protein VP6
1 entry
Probable non-structural 41.0 kDa protein
1 entry
Probable non-structural 36.3 kDa protein
6 entries
Uncharacterized protein VP7
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein VP7-1
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein VP7-2
5 entries
Uncharacterized protein VP8
4 entries
Structural protein VP9
1 entry
Non-structural protein P9-1
1 entry
Uncharacterized protein VP9-2
1 entry
Non structural protein VP9'
Aquareovirus G (isolate American grass carp/USA/PB01-155/-) taxid:648234
Baboon orthoreovirus taxid:75888
Broome reovirus taxid:667093
Cangyuan orthoreovirus taxid:1388882
Cryphonectria parasitica mycoreovirus 1 (strain 9B21) taxid:230407
Etheostoma fonticola aquareovirus taxid:1862978
Fako virus taxid:1567404
Fiji disease virus (isolate Sugarcane) taxid:648172
| Protein | ModelArchive |
| Uncharacterized protein VP7-1 | ma-jd-viral-45689 |
| Uncharacterized protein VP7-2 | ma-jd-viral-29208 |
Heliothis armigera cypovirus 5 taxid:332585
| Protein | ModelArchive |
| Non-structural protein | ma-jd-viral-29661 |
| Polyhedrin | ma-jd-viral-48688 |
| Structural protein | ma-jd-viral-46392 |
| p7 | ma-jd-viral-08049 |
Lymantria dispar cypovirus 14 taxid:165429
Mal de Rio Cuarto virus taxid:185954
Mammalian orthoreovirus 3 taxid:538123
Reptilian orthoreovirus taxid:226613
Rice black streaked dwarf virus taxid:10990
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycoreovirus 4 taxid:1840528
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus taxid:519497
| Protein | ModelArchive |
| Nonstructural protein 9-1 | ma-jd-viral-48716 |
| Nonstructural protein 9-2 | ma-jd-viral-57544 |
| p10 protein | ma-jd-viral-34060 |