Skip to main content
ViralZone logo emblem ViralZone

Phenuiviridae (taxid:1980418)

VIRION

image

Enveloped, spherical. Diameter from 80 to 120nm. Glycoproteins at the surface of the envelope are arranged on an icosahedral lattice, with T=12 symmetry.

GENOME

image

Segmented Negative-stranded RNA linear genome, L segment is about 6.4kb, M segment about 3.2kb and S segment about 1.7kb.
Encodes for six proteins.

GENE EXPRESSION

Transcription starts by viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (L) binding to a promoter on each encapsidated segment, and is terminated by a strong hairpin sequence at the end of each gene. These are capped by L protein during synthesis using cap snatching , but are not polyadenylated.
S segment uses ambisense strategy to encode for several proteins: both genomic and antigenomic RNA are transcribed. The hairpin sequence is a stop polymerase signal which prevents ambisense transcription from producing dsRNA.

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

CYTOPLASMIC

  1. Virus attaches to host receptors though Gn-Gc glycoprotein dimer, and is endocytosed into vesicles in the host cell.
  2. Fusion of virus membrane with the vesicle membrane; ribonucleocapsid segments are released in the cytoplasm.
  3. Transcription, viral mRNAs are capped in the cytoplasm.
  4. Replication presumably starts when enough nucleoprotein is present to encapsidate neo-synthetized antigenomes and genomes.
  5. The ribonucleocapsids buds at Golgi apparatus, releasing the virion by exocytosis.
DB LINKS image image

 image image

image image

image
TAXONOMY Group V: Negative sense ssRNA viruses
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Subphylum: Polyploviricotina
Class: Bunyaviricetes
Order:Hareavirales
Family: Phenuiviridae
Genera: Bandavirus
Coguvirus
Entovirus
Goukovirus
Hudovirus
Ixovirus
Kabutovirus
Laulavirus
Lentinuvirus
Phasivirus
Phlebovirus
Rubodvirus
Tanzavirus
Tenuivirus
Uukuvirus
Wenrivirus
ETYMOLOGY Phenuiviridae: a sigil of made with first genus names Phlebovirus + Tenuivirus.
VIRUS
REFERENCE STRAINS Rift Valley fever virus
Sequence: L M S | Genome assembly | Proteome
Uukuniemi virus
Sequence: L M S | Genome assembly | Proteome

Host

NATURAL HOST RVFV: ruminants, camels and humans
Vector: Mosquitoes
CELL TROPISM
INTERACTIONS Host-virus interaction

Ecology and disease

GEOGRAPHY RVFV: North Africa
ASSOCIATED DISEASES RVFV: influenza-like illness, rarely hemorrhagic fever. Abortion in cattle.
TRANSMISSION Zoonosis, arthropod bite
VACCINE Rift Valley fever virus
ANTIVIRAL DRUGS Experimental: Favipiravir

Host-virus interaction

Inhibition of host transcription initiation

The Rift valley fever virus NSs protein instead plays a role in the inhibition of the host transcription initiation by acting on host TFIIH.

NATURAL HOST RVFV: ruminants, camels and humans
Vector: Mosquitoes
CELL TROPISM Infects human central nervous system, various organs and vascular endothelium
ASSOCIATED DISEASES RVFV: influenza-like illness, rarely hemorrhagic fever. Abortion in cattle.
TRANSMISSION Zoonosis, arthropod bite

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

47 entries grouped by protein

1 entry

Putative envelope glycoprotein (GP) (Protein pc2)

GLYC_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain

8 entries

Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein)

Select_allDeselect_all
GP_BHAV
Bhanja virus (BHAV) reference strain
GP_RVFVZ
Rift valley fever virus (strain ZH-548 M12) (RVFV) reference strain

pdb 6F8P; 6F9B; 6F9C; 6F9D; 6F9E; 6F9F; 6I9I

GP_SFTSV
SFTS phlebovirus (isolate SFTSV/Human/China/HB29/2010) (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) reference strain

pdb 8WSU

GP_UUKS
Uukuniemi virus (strain S23) (UUKV) reference strain

Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) (p110)

GP_HTRV
Heartland virus (HTRV)

pdb 5YOW

GP_PTPV
Punta toro phlebovirus
GP_RVFV
Rift valley fever virus (RVFV)

pdb 4HJ1; 4HJC; 5Y0W; 5Y0Y; 6EGT; 6EGU; 6F9F; 6IEA; 6IEB; 6IEC; 6IEK

GP_SFTS
Dabie bandavirus (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) (Huaiyangshan banyangvirus)

pdb 5G47; 5Y10; 5Y11; 8WQW; 8XK5; 8XK6; 8XK8

7 entries

RNA-directed RNA polymerase L (Protein L) (EC 2.7.7.48) (Large structural protein) (Replicase) (Transcriptase)

Select_allDeselect_all
L_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain
L_RVFVZ
Rift valley fever virus (strain ZH-548 M12) (RVFV) reference strain

pdb 7EEI

L_TOSV
Toscana virus (Tos) reference strain

pdb 6QVV; 6QW0; 6QW5

L_UUKS
Uukuniemi virus (strain S23) (UUKV) reference strain
L_HTRV
Heartland virus (HTRV)
L_RVFV
Rift valley fever virus (RVFV)

pdb 6QHG

L_SFTS
Dabie bandavirus (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) (Huaiyangshan banyangvirus)

pdb 6L42; 6NTV; 6XYA; 6Y6K; 7ALP; 8R6U; 8R6W; 8R6Y

3 entries

Movement protein (Non-structural protein 4) (NS4) (Protein pc4)

Select_allDeselect_all
MVP_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain
MVP_MSTV
Maize stripe virus (MStV)
MVP_RSVM
Rice stripe virus (isolate M) (RSV)

12 entries

Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N)

Select_allDeselect_all
NCAP_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain

Nucleoprotein (Coat protein) (CP) (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N) (Protein pc3)

NCAP_RVFVZ
Rift valley fever virus (strain ZH-548 M12) (RVFV) reference strain

pdb 3OUO; 3OV9

NCAP_SFTSV
SFTS phlebovirus (isolate SFTSV/Human/China/HB29/2010) (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) reference strain
NCAP_TOSV
Toscana virus (Tos) reference strain

pdb 4CSF; 4CSG; 4H5L; 5FVA; 8RCQ

NCAP_UUKS
Uukuniemi virus (strain S23) (UUKV) reference strain
NCAP_MSTV
Maize stripe virus (MStV)

Nucleoprotein (Coat protein) (CP) (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N) (Protein pc3)

NCAP_PTPV
Punta toro phlebovirus
NCAP_RSVM
Rice stripe virus (isolate M) (RSV)

Nucleoprotein (Coat protein) (CP) (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N) (Protein pc3)

NCAP_RVFV
Rift valley fever virus (RVFV)

pdb 3LYF; 4H5M; 4H5O; 4H5P; 4H5Q; 4V9E

NCAP_SFSV
Sandfly fever sicilian virus (SFS)
NCAP_SFTS
Dabie bandavirus (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) (Huaiyangshan banyangvirus)

pdb 4J4R; 4J4S; 4J4U; 4J4V

NCAP_WYHV
Wheat yellow head virus (WYHV)

Nucleoprotein (Coat protein) (CP) (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N) (Protein pc3)

3 entries

Major non-capsid protein (NCP) (20.5 kDa protein) (Protein p4) (Stripe disease-specific protein) (Protein S)

Select_allDeselect_all
NCP_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain

pdb 7XCD

NCP_MSTV
Maize stripe virus (MStV)

Major non-capsid protein (NCP) (Protein p4) (Stripe disease-specific protein) (Protein S)

NCP_RSVM
Rice stripe virus (isolate M) (RSV)

7 entries

Non-structural protein NS-S (NSs)

Select_allDeselect_all
NSS_RVFVZ
Rift valley fever virus (strain ZH-548 M12) (RVFV) reference strain

Non-structural protein S (NSs)

pdb 2N0Y; 5OOO; 8T2M; 8T2N

NSS_SFTSV
SFTS phlebovirus (isolate SFTSV/Human/China/HB29/2010) (Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus) reference strain
NSS_TOSV
Toscana virus (Tos) reference strain
NSS_UUKS
Uukuniemi virus (strain S23) (UUKV) reference strain
NSS_HTRV
Heartland virus (HTRV)
NSS_PTPV
Punta toro phlebovirus

Non-structural protein NS-S

NSS_SFSV
Sandfly fever sicilian virus (SFS)

Non-structural protein NS-S

pdb 7F64; 7F66; 7F67; 7RLO; 7VLK

1 entry

Protein p2

P2_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain

1 entry

Non-structural protein NS5

VNS5_MSTV
Maize stripe virus (MStV)

4 entries

Suppressor of RNA silencing p3 (Protein NS3) (Protein p3)

Select_allDeselect_all
VSR_RSVT
Rice stripe virus (isolate T) (RSV) reference strain
VSR_MSTV
Maize stripe virus (MStV)
VSR_RHBVC
Rice hoja blanca virus (strain cr) (RHBV) (Rice hoja blanca virus (strain Costa Rica))

pdb 3AJF

VSR_RSVM
Rice stripe virus (isolate M) (RSV)
These structures were created with the help of Colabfold by Jason Nomburg, Nathan Price and Jennifer Doudna (ModelArchive).

Adana virus taxid:1611877

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-61252
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-25090
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17413

Aguacate virus taxid:1006583

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-61239
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-25114
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17406

Bhanja virus taxid:1213620

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66157
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-25080
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17416

Chandiru virus taxid:629725

Protein ModelArchive
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-25084
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17405

Heartland virus taxid:1216928

Protein ModelArchive
Non-structural protein NS-S (NSs) ma-jd-viral-25076
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17444

Huangpi Tick Virus 2 taxid:1608048

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66159
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-25063
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17382

Hubei diptera virus 3 taxid:1922884

Protein ModelArchive
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-65458
Putative glycoprotein ma-jd-viral-66146

Hubei diptera virus 4 taxid:1922885

Protein ModelArchive
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17459
Putative glycoprotein ma-jd-viral-66153

Hubei diptera virus 5 taxid:1922886

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-63990
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17463

Hubei lepidoptera virus 1 taxid:1922903

Protein ModelArchive
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17380
Putative glycoprotein ma-jd-viral-48436

Hunter Island virus taxid:1457386

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66150
Nonstructural protein (Nucleoprotein) ma-jd-viral-25078
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17443

Lone Star virus taxid:1219465

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66163
Nonstructural S protein ma-jd-viral-25081
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17396

Rift valley fever virus taxid:11588

Protein ModelArchive
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17430
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17430
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17430
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17430
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17430

Rift valley fever virus (strain ZH-548 M12) taxid:11589

Protein ModelArchive
Non-structural protein NS-S ma-jd-viral-25083
Non-structural protein S (NSs) ma-jd-viral-25083
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17430

SFTS phlebovirus (isolate SFTSV/Human/China/HB29/2010) taxid:992212

Protein ModelArchive
Non-structural protein NS-S (NSs) ma-jd-viral-25077
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17414
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17414
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N) ma-jd-viral-17414

Sandfly fever Naples virus taxid:206160

Protein ModelArchive
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17426

Tenuivirus oryzabrevis taxid:3052762

Protein ModelArchive
20.6K nonstructural protein (Disease-specific protein) (Noncapsid protein) (p6v... ma-jd-viral-33897
21.6K protein (NS5) ma-jd-viral-60236
36.4K protein ma-jd-viral-27849
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17454

Wenzhou Shrimp Virus 1 taxid:1608095

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66156
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17391

Wuhan Fly Virus 1 taxid:1608101

Protein ModelArchive
Glycoprotein ma-jd-viral-63993
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17458

Wuhan horsefly Virus taxid:1608139

Protein ModelArchive
Glycoprotein ma-jd-viral-53013
Nonstructural protein ma-jd-viral-38613
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17456

Yichang Insect virus taxid:1608144

Protein ModelArchive
Envelopment polyprotein (M polyprotein) ma-jd-viral-66152
Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) ma-jd-viral-17411

sandfly fever Turkey virus taxid:688699

Protein ModelArchive
Non-structural protein NS-S ma-jd-viral-25101
Nucleoprotein ma-jd-viral-17420